Batteries are getting cheaper, and have high charge/discharge rates. Flywheels can maybe double as AC/DC conversion, but their role is closer to a capacitor than a battery.

What distinguishes H2 is that it is transportable/exportable energy, that also has alternate chemical uses. It is ideal aviation fuel. Sure making it has some expense/loss, but storing it is $1/kwh electric (also contains heat energy that when used in a fuel cell matches the typical domestic hot water energy fraction). Transporting H2 energy by truck is cheaper than electricity by wire. Because H2 can be produced at convenience (solar surplus), and made available for user convenience later, it can be cheaper energy overall, and improve the total utilization of renewable+battery/static storage systems.

California rates are high because everyone has to pay for forest fires. Everyone except shareholders.

Hydrogen/electro chemistry is another use of too much batteries.

Speaking of too much battery, an EV range is often 3-5 times daily use (60km average per day is vehicle average, but many use less). It’s not a big deal to have several days worth of fuel in your tank, and so V2G is a good way to have too much batteries, and let consumers profit from their vehicle. This is the app that exterminates oil and other FFs. Hydrogen or your listed apps are good ways to drain having too much battery charge for the next day.

Martial law is traditional South Korea governance.

The line dividing North and South Korea was created by US as it took it over from Japan after ww2, with puppet corrupt government installed.

The Korean war was instigated by US after national elections had North Korean as victor who threatened to unify and kick US out. Corrupt autocracy prevailed until 1980, and then the “democracy” that has followed since is/was an oligarchy of historically pro-Japanese family dynasty industrial champions.

Yet another sham the US calls a “democratic ally” for hegemonic legtimacy.

This is a combination of Neocon colonial handlers promising to please Trump through every imaginable increase in warmongering submission to keep war ongoing, and deeply misplaced optimism that Trump’s pro US oligarchy/monopoly profits will help economic growth instead of just the stock market.

Technically, high cost of living increases from tariffs and deportations can be “nominal economic growth”. Insurance costs will keep skyrocketing from high replacement costs of homes and autos, and pessimism over global warming. If US massively increases government spending, the growth forecast is possible, but then so is collapse and debt default.

The growth forecasts will be accurate if colonial subjugation increases even more, but EU leaders during Trump45 had more backbone as a result of his disrespect. Everything is extremely uncertain, but there is more likely to be a US led global recession than anything else.

That

If you mean 50% tax bracket for the poor, yes it is a poverty trap. UBI is an improvement over welfare and employment insurance because it doesn’t trap people into not working due to high clawbacks. There is also administration and annoyance savings from not policing/applying for benefits.

Guaranteed minimum income plans are either a 100% tax, when literally, all get a minimum income of say $20k, if you earned less than $20k, you don’t keep any of those earnings. Practical, still left of center plans do change this to a more modest 50% clawback rate similar to welfare/EI. The most famous NIT proposal had a 50% tax rate on the lowest income. That is the exact same as the flawed GMI plans.

NIT is paid to workers and non workers alike. As is UBI. The maximum NIT refund you get is at 0 earned income. When you earn income, your refund is lowered. That starts at $1 of income. Even if it is called a negative tax, it is still a positive marginal tax rate that reduces your net income for every $ earned.

An NIT refund comes from the IRS, while UBI can come from IRS or another department. They are still highly related concepts. Other than the most famous NIT proposal has a 50% tax rate on the lower incomes, and frequenly left leaning politicians, instead of UBI propose Guaranteed Minimum Income, with tax rates of 50% to 100% on the lowest incomes.

Sensible UBI plans use normal tax rates with higher rates on upper incomes if needed.

They can be exactly the same, but are always similar. NIT could be set such that $14k is the refund you get at 0 income, and it is clawed back to 0 at some other income level.

A NIT of 50% up to $20k income is equivalent to UBI of $10k with 50% as the lowest tax bracket. Under both, you pay 0 net tax at exactly $20k income, and you get a $10k refund at 0 other income.

Either one is still a 50% marginal tax rate no matter the name. On every $ you earn you only keep 50cents.

You are just saying “have 1000 or 1m tax brackets” instead of 5. It is not super different other than being more complex.

Very signficant benefits of UBI over minimum wage laws. if for example UBI is equal to typical minimum wage of 2000 hours/year. $14k/year in US. ($7/hour)

Minimum wage means it is illegal to hire you for less, even if you would be happy to work for less. Maybe you are happy to work a couple of hours per day at a nearby library, but would like to get beer money for doing so instead of “internship”. UBI is equivalent to a $7/hour bonus on whatever wage your earn or don’t earn. You have the freedom to say no to work, and so you might accept better pay offers than if you are under structural desperation to survive. That power we all have means that we don’t need a minimum wage law. We all have enough fuck you money to not put up with excessive shit.

It is not. EITC is a tax reduction for the first few $1000s of employment income. NIT is a tax refund even if you pay no taxes.

NIT is specifically letting people start in a refund position. 0 income gets the largest total refund.

It is UBI with a “clawback”. Conservative (Friedman’s NIT version) and left wing (called Guaranteed income) versions of UBI like to place an ultra high tax/clawback rate on the lowest income levels. It is same as UBI if lower tax brackets are not the first bracket after “personal UBI received is paid back in taxes”

This gets proposed as a way to implement basic income (UBI). It is only equivalent when the lowest tax bracket is equal to the NIT.

ex: if NIT of 25% up to $40k, and 25% income tax rate up to $50k, then at $40k income, you would pay 0 net income tax. At 0 income, you would receive $10k, and at $50k income, you’d pay $2500. Every $10k of income results in $2500 extra taxes or less of a refund.

Milton Friedman’s version of NIT was at 50% for low income ($20k), and then fairly low tax bracket rates (20%) above that. This means that the poorest people are taxed very high on income, and middle to high incomes pay a lower rate. Welfare and unemployment systems often use such a 50% clawback. It is a significant disincentive to work, unless you will make a lot during a year.

Refundable tax credits is a similar system of permitting net refunds to people even if they pay no income taxes.

solid state batteries are ultra promising. Even if expensive at first, ebikes and race/premium cars would benefit huge. But they need to start at a still reasonably affordable/value price to take off.

It’s not that bad. Part of the appeal is having a black glass panel patio. A 30 year payback is ok, if it bails you out of a few power outages. Ok, its solar for rich people, but its still some clean energy.

They are a roof tile company. This is just a thick anti slip glass layer on top of solar.

parallel connections allows for such independence. But it requires thicker/more wiring.